Over the past two years, One Less campaign for Gardasil, the new vaccine against HPV is to protect against cancer of the cervix, has opened the discussion on the human papilloma virus in the foreground, making light news, not only on the vaccine itself, but also the issues surrounding it. HPV is ubiquitous. Nearly 50% of sexually active people are infected with HPV at some point in their lives. There are about 20 million people with HPV infections in the United States, with 6 2 million new cases per year. The most serious consequence of HPV infection is cervical cancer of the uterus, yet public knowledge about HPV is low – less than 50% of women had heard of HPV and its link with cancer cervix. It is essential that the public gains more knowledge about HPV and cancer of the cervix, have tarnished particularly in the current climate in which the benefits of the vaccine was evaluated by a political speech. Information about the link between HPV and cancer of the cervix, how the disease is widespread and that gets it, detection methods must be other effects of the disease and the role and effectiveness of the vaccine began. The analysis of these issues serves as a guideline for deciding to help doctors to recommend vaccination to a whole generation of 11-12 years, girls and boys, perhaps in the future. The relationship between HPV and cancer of the cervix: There are over 100 types of HPV. More than 15 of them are “causing high-risk types that cause cervical cancer. HPV infections are more common in the young population with nearly 75% of the case the age group 15-25. Most HPV infections are “silent” – people who do not carry the virus, they were released and sent to their sexual partners. The good news is that most of these infections are self-limiting, meaning that nearly 90% of them to resolve itself within 24 months without any problem. In a minority of people, but infections remain, either as a result of sexual behavior in high risk (eg, multiple partners and unprotected sex) or weakened immunity because smoking, stress, and the long-term use of certain drugs like steroids. These factors can HPV infection and the conduct causing precancerous precancerous lesions of the cervix. About 99% of cancers of the cervix caused by HPV. HPV infections are necessary but not sufficient alone to cause cancer of the cervix uteri. Pap tests and cancer of the cervix: A Pap test detects early changes in cells of the cervix caused by HPV or other effects not treated, they can develop into cervical cancer the uterus. Fortunately, thanks to an orderly program of Pap test in the United States, the incidence of cancer of the cervix by 75% over the last 50 years have decreased. Therefore, for women who get regular Pap smears is the low incidence of cancer of the cervix. Currently in the United States to develop approximately 11,000 new cases of cancer of the cervix each year and about 4,000 deaths from it. Even if one would not expect it to cases of cancer of the cervix, when the number of HPV infections is low compared with that come every year, the relationship between HPV infection to cancer the cervix. According to the American Cancer Society, four out of five women who died of cancer of the cervix have a Pap smear during the last five years. These figures show that the Pap smear has been very successful in limiting the incidence of cancer of the cervix in this country. The role of vaccines against HPV in the prevention of cancer of the cervix uteri: There are now two vaccines against HPV available to protect the world against two major types of HPV that cause cancer. Gardasil, manufactured by Merck, was the United States since June 2006. Cervarix, made by GlaxoSmithKline, is expected to be in the U. S late 2008 or early 2009, put in place. Both vaccines target HPV types 16 and 18 cause the majority of cases of cancer of the cervix. HPV type 16 caused nearly 50% of all cases of cancer of the cervix and HPV 18 cause about 20% of cases of cancer of the cervix. Clinical studies have shown that both vaccines, 70% of cancers of the cervix prevented, with almost 100% efficiency. However, this only if the person had been vaccinated before exposure to virus types 16 and 18. The effectiveness of the vaccine drops once these types of access of virus to the body. Therefore, the use of the CDC vaccine for girls between the ages of 11-12 is recommended to complete before their first sexual experience all the benefits. Pap smear, cons vaccine against HPV: Both Pap tests and HPV vaccine prevents cervical cancer of the uterus, but they do it differently. The vaccines produce antibodies against the HPV virus to fight long before it can enter the cervix. Therefore, vaccination prevented the development of the pathology of cervical HPV. On the other hand, the Pap test detects abnormal changes in the cervix caused by HPV, many of which require follow-up visits and procedures for these abnormalities progress to prevent cancer. Most people would agree that prevention is better than detection or treatment. Management of abnormal Pap smears alone cost $ 2-3 billion per year in this country. But because the vaccine only protects against 70% of cancers of the cervix, Pap tests should be pursued to identify the remaining 30% of all cervical cancers, which are not covered by the vaccine. It is important to note that besides prevention of cervical cancer of the uterus, the vaccine was also found that HPV cons of many other diseases related to use and could also, by reducing the medical evaluation and emotional diseases in humans to assist you. “Cancer of the cervix in most United States, these groups are not denied access to the Pap test, or because of inadequate access, or because of socio-economic conditions, lack of knowledge or cultural difference. These groups are mostly women of all ethnic minorities and whites in the Appalachian region. Therefore, teaching in the public should not only be comprehensive programs of cancer prevention Cervical times in simple terms, but should also be culturally sensitive to meet the needs of people from different areas . The vaccine against HPV has the potential to save millions of young lives and families, but if she gets the same group of women who can not get their Pap test today, he failed in maintaining its “one less” promise as here at home and around the world. © 2008 Shobha S. Krishnan, M. D. Author Bio
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